| 15,540 | 827 | 139 |
| 下载次数 | 被引频次 | 阅读次数 |
本文运用1996—2002年我国省际面板数据,对我国经济增长与包括水污染、大气污染与固体污染排放在内的6类环境污染指标之间的关系进行了实证检验。实证结果发现,环境库兹涅茨倒U型曲线关系很大程度上取决于污染指标以及估计方法的选取。就本文选取的部分污染指标(工业废水排放、二氧化硫排放)而言,也存在以相对低的人均收入水平越过环境倒U型曲线转折点的可能。并且,包括人口规模、技术进步、环保政策、贸易开放以及产业结构调整等在内的污染控制变量分别对环境库兹涅茨曲线关系起着重要影响。
Abstract：The Environmental Kuznets Curve(EKC) hypothesis postulates an inverted-U-shaped relationship between different pollutions and per capita income,i.e.,environmental pressure increases up to a certain level as income goes up;after that,it decreases.This paper uses panel data on China's 30 provinces during 1996—2002 to examine the EKC relationship between per capita income and six categories measured pollution indicators.We find that the results are highly sensitive to different pollution indicators,functional forms and econometric methods employed.Then we incorporate some dimensions of social changes such as population density,trade openness,environmental policies,technology progress,and industrial structure change,into our model to investigate the impact of various exogenous control variables on the EKC,which can be varied along the development process depending on the income level.
[1]M eadows D.H,M eadows D.L,Randers J,and BehrensW.The L im its to G rowth[M].Un iverse Books,New York,USA,1972.
[2]Beckerm an W.Econom ic growth and the environm ent:whose growth?W hose environm ent[J].W orld Developm ent,1992,(20):481-496.
[3]Bhagawati J.The case for free trade[J].Sc ientific Am erican,1993.42-49.
[4]Kuznets S.Econom ic G rowth and Incom e Equality[J].Am erican Econom ic Review,1955,45(1):1-28.
[5]G rossm an G.and Krueger A.Environm ental impacts of the North Am erican Free Trade Agreem ent.NBER,work ing pa-per,no.3914,1991.
[6]Stern D.Progress on the environm ental Kuznets curve[J].Environm ent and Developm ent Econom ics,1998,(3):175-198.
[7]Panayotou T.Econom ic G rowth and the Environm ent.Center for International Developm ent,Harvard Un iversity,C IDW ork ing Paper No.56,Ju ly 2000.
[8]D inda S.Environm ental Kuznets Curve Hypothesis:A Survey[J].Ecological Econom ics,2004,(49):431-455.
[9]L ist J.and GalletC.The Environm entalKuznets Curve:does one size fit all[J].Ecological Econom ics,1999,(31):409-423.
[10]L iang J.and M cK itrick R.Incom e growth and air quality in Toronto:1973—1997.M im eo,Un iversity ofGuelph,Eco-nom ics Departm ent,2002.
[11]HuangM.and Shaw D.Econom ic growth and the environm entalKuznets curve in Taiwan:a simu ltane ity model analysis,M im eo,2002.
[12]Coondoo D.and D inda S.Causality between incom e and em ission:a country group-spec ific econom etric analysis[J].Ecological Econom ics,2002,40(3),351-367.
[13]Stern D.The rise and fall of the environm ental Kuznets curve[J].W orld Developm ent,2004,(8):1419-1439.
[14]Arrow K,Bolin B,Costanza R,Folke C.et al.Econom ic growth,carrying capac ity,and the environm ent[J].Sc ience,1995,(15):91-95.
[15]Cole M,RaynerA,and Bates J.The Environm entalKuznets Curve:an emp irical analysis[J].Environm ent and Devel-opm ent Econom ics,1997,(2):401-416.
[16]Dasgupta S,Lap lante B,W ang H,and W heeler D.Confronting the Environm ental Kuznets Curve[J].Journal of Eco-nom ic Perspectives,2002,16(1),147-168.
[17]Gallagher K.S.Developm ent of c leaner veh ic le technology?Fore ign d irect investm ent and technology transfer from Un itedStates to Ch ina,paper presented atUn ited States Soc iety for Ecological Econom ics 2ndB ienn ialM eeting,Saratoga SpringsNY,M ay,2003.
[18]G rossm an G.and Krueger A.Econom ic growth and the environm ent[J].Quarterly Journal of Econom ics,1995,110(2),353-377.
[19]Copeland B.and TaylorM.Trade and Transboundary Pollution[J].Am erican Econom ic Review,1995,(85):716-737.
[20]Cole M,E lliott R,and AzharA.The determ inants of trade in pollution intensive industries:North-South evidence.U-n iversity of B irm ingham,UK.M im eo,2000.
[21]KellerW.International Technology Sp illover.NBER,work ing paper,No.8573,2001.
[22]赖明勇,张新,彭水军,包群.经济增长的源泉:人力资本、研究开发与技术外溢[J].中国社会科学,2005,(2).
②关于环境库兹涅茨倒U型曲线研究的文献综述具体可见Stern(1998)、Panayotou(2000)以及Dinda(2004)等。
基本信息:
中图分类号:F224
引用信息:
[1]彭水军,包群.经济增长与环境污染——环境库兹涅茨曲线假说的中国检验[J].财经问题研究,2006(08):3-17.
基金信息:
国家社会科学基金重点项目(04AJL006);; 中国博士后科学基金项目(2005038462)